Impact of Leadership and Motivation- Free-Samples for Students

Question: What are the Impact of Leadership and Motivation on Empowering Staff of the Organization Beat. Answer: Introduction The aim of this assignment is to understand how leadership and motivation impacts in empowering the staff of the organization. The organization chosen for this particular assignment is BEAT UK. Efficient leadership and good management is the need of every organization. Without proper leadership and management no organization can deliver qualitative services to the people (Argyres et al, 2013). This is all the more important in the sector of healthcare as users have specific needs. In order to provide good and proper services to the users BEAT too is trying to improve the staff by implementing efficient leadership and motivation. BEAT (Beating Eating Disorders), is a charity and company which is limited by guarantee and it is nationally registered in the UK. Beat is committed to providing help to those people who suffer from or are affected by several types of eating disorders. BEAT celebrated its 25th year of service in 2014. Directory of help finder, conferences, information and groups that render support online, training and helpline services are provided by BEAT at present times. Two charities Anorexic Aid and Anorexic Family Aid joined together and formed the Eating Disorders Association (EDA) in 1989. A third charity by the name of The Society for the Advancement into the Research of Anorexia (SARA) united with EDA through uninterrupted progression and improvement. The name Beating Eating Disorders (BEAT) was adopted by the charity as through which it will be known in 2007. The name EDA is the formally registered name of the charity and it remained the same till date. Leadership styles and motivation affect the work attitudes and behavior of the employees in the place of their work. The management of BEAT through leadership tries to empower its staff. BEAT constantly keeps its staff motivated. The structure of organization of BEAT contains the points mentioned below: The Board of Trustees: For all the charity work that is done by BEAT is looked after by the Trustees because they are the ones who are accountable for them. The activities that are undertaken by the charity are performed by the Trustees as they have the complete authority to do so. Thus, the members of the Board are known as The Board of Trustees. It is collectively responsibility of The Board of Trustees to take care of the daily business functions and work at BEAT. Senior positions are given to about 5 member of the Board. The Treasurer, the Chair, and the Vice-Chair are the three senior officials in The Board of Trustees currently. In order for BEAT to achieve the goals of the organization most of the responsibilities are delegated to the Chair. The Chair looks into the matter so that effective plans can be made for the charitable works undertaken and proper strategies can be implemented. The Chair is held responsible for developing and keeping cordial relationships at it supports the Chief Executive to do the same with the Board. The role of the spokesperson for all the work that is related to the charity be it generating funds from outside, gaining support and so on is played the Chair (Laschinger et al, 2015). The Vice-Chair is also known as the senior alternate Trustee. The main work and responsibility of the senior alternate Trustee is to provide the management with advice and support which are new and are substitutes of the existing ones. Organizing meetings and holding them is also another task of the Vice-Chair. All the finances and the administration of the organization BEAT is taken care of by the Treasurer. The Treasures is the head of the Finance Committee. The accounts and other facets of finance are reviewed 6 times within a year at BEAT and this is also looked after by the Treasurer so that risks can be forecasted and managed. The Finance Director is supported and given advice by the Trustee. The Sub-Committees of the Board: The Board passes over some tasks and obligations to the sub-committees. The sub-committees follow the order of the Board and carries on with their job of fulfilling those tasks and obligations. Every single day the sub-committees are required to make reports and hand them over to the Board and formally present those reports relating to their work on Board meetings (Dong et al, 2015). The Human Resource Committees and the Finance Committee make up the sub-committees at BEAT, currently. At any point of time the responsibilities of the sub-committees can be stopped and changes by the Board. The Senior Management Team: A Senior Management Team is always appointed by the Chief Executive. In order to complete and fulfill the obligation of the charity the Board appoints the Chief Executive. (Lorinkova et al, 2013). Thus, the Senior Management Team is elected for further division and delegation of the duties. External Affairs and Services, Fundraising and Directors of Finance make up the Senior Management Team at BEAT. Through recruitment and selection procedure of BEAT, the candidates who are elected in the Senior Management Team get approval from The Board of Trustees. Members: The Articles of Association are different for every organization. The Articles of Association of BEAT allows the supporters of the company to become its Members. Attending general meetings and electing the trustees are done by the members. Every single trustee is also the member of the company. A General Meeting is held once a year and the Trustees are elected then. There is not much gap in the time span of holding of the Board Meetings and the General Meetings. (Alfes et al, 2015 Literature Review Introduction In this literature review, the literary sources that have relevance with the selected variables of the study have been analyzed. In order to progress with the report in a proper manner, it is important that a clear comprehension regarding the interrelation of the variables is attained. This will ensure that with accurate understanding and organized method is applied by the one who is preparing this report to give suitable recommendations (Amundsen et al, 2014). Hence, in this review, the literatures describing the variables have been included along with the theories relating to leadership and motivation. The further progression of the study will be channelized with the help from this review. The concept and definition of leadership Leadership is considered to be a crucial ingredient for achieving efficiency in business operations. Leadership and the various perceptions about it always affect organizations and the work that is done by them. Similarly in the healthcare sector also leadership happens to be very important (Fong et al, 2015). Inefficient leadership can cause degradation in the quality of performance of the staff. The process through which individual attitudes and behavior of can be influenced by the leader can be defined as leadership. Over the years, many researchers and theorists have been trying to differentiate between management and leadership. There are seven models of leadership. Apart from the models of leadership the other factor that impacts the empowerment of the staff is the leaders personality. It is very important for the leaders to maintain good relationship with the subordinates so that an environment of trust is created and maintained within an organization. The concept and definition of motivation Motivation alone can be the driving force that can make an employee to act and achieve the desired goals and objectives. According to Montana (Montana et al, 1993, p.21), Motivation is the process of mobilizing a persons actions in order to fulfill a need or success of a desired target. Jansen defined motivation in a more comprehensive manner. He defined it as the degree to which an employee needs to perform well in his work in order to achieve an internal (intrinsic) satisfaction (Janssen et al, 1999). Researchers have given ample importance to motivation as a part of the theory of human resource (Zhang et al, 2014, Luoh et al, 2014; van Scheers et al 2014). In recent years, motivation has made an appearance in the healthcare sector. The ability to provide proper services to the users is highly dependent on the extent to which the staff is motivated. If they are not motivated then it will impact their overall performance. The workers have to deal with complex issues and problems at work regularly. In spite of that it is their duty to promote the well being of the users in a professional manner. Correlations between motivation and the productivity of the employees have been found out. Autonomy, communication, time and also complexity are some of the variables that impact the motivation of the employees. Apart from the above mentioned factors working conditions also impact the motivation of the employees. Thus it can be said that highly motivated staffs are empowered staffs. The theories of leadership There are several theories of leadership and they are trait theory, behavioral theories, contingency theories, charismatic leadership theory, transactional leadership theory and transformational leadership. Trait Theory- This particular theory focuses on the characteristics and traits of the leaders, which ultimately lead to the effectiveness of their leadership. The trait theory also states that traits vary from person to person (Muoz-Pascual et al, 2017). There can never be a common set of traits for all. This theory fails to define examples of failure brought about by leadership. It can be said that on the basis of traits a leader may not always be successful in helping and motivating his subordinates. Behavioral Theories- These theories emphasize particular behaviors of the leaders that make their leadership successful. Their behaviors can be people oriented, democratic, laissez-faire or authoritarian. The behavioral style that is preferred can be different according to the situations (McEvily et al, 2014). This theory has overlooked factors like environment and situation in which behaviors are expressed. Contingency Theory- this theory states that the leadership is only effective when interplay of behaviors, traits and situational factors of a leader is achieved. Fred Fiedler Contingency Model, Hersey- Blanchard Situational Model, Path-Goal Model and Vroom-Yetton Model are some of the models under this theory (Schwarz et al, 2016). Charismatic Leadership Theory- According to this theory the exceptional qualities of the charismatic leaders are what people look up to. They connect with the leaders goals and ideals. In this case with his charismatic personality he or she influences people. Transactional theory- This theory is states that leadership is based on rewards and punishments that are dependent on the performance of the subordinates. This theory is applied in businesses as it is outcome oriented (Conrad et al, 2015). Transformational Theory- This theory states that leaders are able to foster change through their personality and vision. Intellectual stimulation, inspirational motivation, idealized influence and consideration for others are what the transformational leadership is made of. The theories of motivation Maslows theory of motivation, Hertzberg's motivator-hygiene theory are some of the theories of motivation. Maslows Theory of Motivation- This theory states that there is hierarchy in needs. When lower needs are met a tendency to fulfill the higher needs arises. This theory also states that higher needs do not crop up until and unless the present needs of the person are fulfilled (Mitrofan et al, 2017). Hertzberg's Motivator-hygiene Theory- The motivating factors are growth, advancement, work, recognition, achievement and work. The hygiene factors are salary, company policy, work conditions, supervision and relationship with others (Senz-Royo et al, 2015). This theory states that the above mentioned factors impact the motivation of the employees Statement of Recommendation with Rational The following are the recommendations through which problems related to empowering staff can be solved: Lenient boundaries should be set for employees. The problems and issues of the employees should be listened. An organization should have faith in its employees. Certain mistakes of the employees should be forgiven. The efforts and the good work of the employees should be acknowledged and appreciated. Opportunities of further growth should be provided to the employees. Trust and faith of the employees should be won by the organization. Employees should be given time. Employees should be questioned from time to time. Ego of the ones in management should be set aside while dealing with the employees. If the above mentioned recommendations are implemented then BEAT can empower its employees effectively. Conclusion Leadership and motivation are key factors that are important because they impact empowerment of the staff (Palus et al, 2013). In this report through an executive summary, a literature review and recommendations, how empowerment of staff can be achieved by implementing leadership and also by motivating them has been discussed. The organization BEAT adopted the transactional and transformational theories of leadership. Over the years, a lot of importance has been given to leadership and motivation in the sector of health and this has been discussed in this assignment very well. References: Alfes, K., Bailey, C., Conway, E. and Monks, K., 2015. The joint effect of high involvement work practices and empowering leadership behavior on employees wellbeing: a moderated mediation model. Amundsen, S. and Martinsen, .L., 2014. Empowering leadership: Construct clarification, conceptualization, and validation of a new scale.The Leadership Quarterly,25(3), pp.487-511. Argyres, N. and Zenger, T.R., 2013. 12. Dynamics of organizational structure.Handbook of Economic Organization: Integrating Economic and Organization Theory, p.210. Conrad, D., Ghosh, A. and Isaacson, M., 2015. Employee motivation factors: A comparative study of the perceptions between physicians and physician leaders.International Journal of Public Leadership,11(2), pp.92-106. Dong, Y., Liao, H., Chuang, A., Zhou, J. and Campbell, E.M., 2015. Fostering employee service creativity: Joint effects of customer empowering behaviors and supervisory empowering leadership.Journal of Applied Psychology,100(5), p.1364. Fong, K.H. and Snape, E., 2015. Empowering Leadership, Psychological Empowerment and Employee Outcomes: Testing a Multi?level Mediating Model.British Journal of Management,26(1), pp.126-138. Janssen PPM, De Jonge J, Bakker AB. Specific determinants of intrinsic work motivation, burnout, and turnover intentions: a study among nurses.Journal of Advanced Nursing.1999;296(6):13609 Laschinger, H.K.S. and Fida, R., 2015. Linking nurses perceptions of patient care quality to job satisfaction: the role of authentic leadership and empowering professional practice environments.Journal of Nursing Administration,45(5), pp.276-283. Lorinkova, N.M., Pearsall, M.J. and Sims, H.P., 2013. Examining the differential longitudinal performance of directive versus empowering leadership in teams.Academy of Management Journal,56(2), pp.573-596. Luoh, H.F., Tsaur, S.H. and Tang, Y.Y., 2014. Empowering employees: job standardization and innovative behavior.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,26(7), pp.1100-1117. McEvily, B., Soda, G. and Tortoriello, M., 2014. More formally: Rediscovering the missing link between formal organization and informal social structure.Academy of Management Annals,8(1), pp.299-345. Mitrofan, O., Ford, T., Byford, S., Nicholls, D., Petkova, H., Kelly, J. and Edwards, E., 2017. Care experiences of young people with eating disorders and their parents: a qualitative study.The Lancet,389, p.S70. Montana P, Charnov B.2nd Edition 1993. Management Muoz-Pascual, L., Muoz-Pascual, L., Galende, J. and Galende, J., 2017. The impact of knowledge and motivation management on creativity: Employees of innovative Spanish companies.Employee Relations,39(5), pp.732-752. Palus, S., Brodka, P. and Kazienko, P., 2013. Evaluation of organization structure based on email interactions. InGovernance, Communication, and Innovation in a Knowledge Intensive Society(pp. 117-127). IGI Global. Senz-Royo, C., Gracia-Lzaro, C. and Moreno, Y., 2015. The role of the organization structure in the diffusion of innovations.PloS one,10(5), p.e0126076. Schwarz, G., Newman, A., Cooper, B. and Eva, N., 2016. Servant Leadership and Follower Job Performance: The Mediating Effect of Public Service Motivation.Public Administration,94(4), pp.1025-1041. Solomon, A.W. and Steyn, R., 2017. The relationship between subordinate cultural identity, leader cultural intelligence and empowering and directive leadership.Journal of Contemporary Management,14(1), pp.119-155. van Scheers, L. and Botha, J., 2014. Analysing relationship between employee job satisfaction and motivation.Journal of Business and Retail Management Research,9(1). Zhang, X. and Zhou, J., 2014. Empowering leadership, uncertainty avoidance, trust, and employee creativity: Interaction effects and a mediating mechanism.Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes,124(2), pp.150-164.

Kamil Mustafa Essays - Kashmir Earthquake, Government Of Pakistan

Kamil Mustafa House # 166, Street # 3, Fateh Town, Okara . 56300 Pakistan. Mobile: +923320605085 Kamilmustafa2214 @gmail.com Objective Geologis t po sition in the field of Geology . Talent ed graduate ready to start my career in geology. C ommitted to cont inuous training, development and would like to eventual ly progress to management level. P ersonal details Date of Birth : 03 March 1993. Nationality : Pakistani. Religion : Muslim. Marital Status : Single. Passport Number. : DC0870671 Summary Ge ology internship for WAPDA at NJHP. QC Supervisor work experience for Descon Engineering at New Khanki Barrage. Two weeks Geological Field Training Camp. Magna Cum Laude graduate with BS in Applied Geology. Three months Arc GIS course. Education Bachelor of Science in Applied Geology , 2011- 2015 University Of Azad Jammu Kashmir, Muzaffarabad , Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. Graduated Magna Cum Laude with a GPA of 3. 4 6 on a 4.0 scale Courses included: Petroleum Geology Petrology Geochemistry Engineering Geology Geotechnical Engineering Stratigraphy Geophysics Mineralogy Geohydrology Well Logging Seismology Sedimentation Experience Internship , June 2014 Neelum Jhelum Hydroelectric Power Project, Muzaffarabad . D escon Engineering, QC Supervisor , February 2016-June 2016 . New Khanki Barrage, Wazirabad . K EY S KILLS A ND A BILITIES Strong work ethic and high performance standards I am able to learn and understand tasks quickly while performing under pressure, both independently and as part of a team. I have an excellent work ethic and have demonstrated clear attention to detail. Technical and mechanical skills Aligning, cutting, measuring, orientating samples Geotechnical testing Geological mapping Report writing Software knowledge GIS Microsoft Word and Excel Language skills Urdu English Hindko * Punjabi* *Speaking and listening command only. Activities General Secretary, Punjab Student Council UAJK , 2014-2015. Member, Geological Society UAJK , 2015 -Present . Playing Football, Intercollegiate Football Champion with University team. R EFERENCES References will be provided on demand.

Free Essays on Gang Activity

Gangs Activity Gangs are a violent reality that people have to deal with in today’s cities. What has made these groups come about? Why do kids feel that being in a gang is both an acceptable and prestigious way to live? The long range answer to these questions can only be speculated upon, but in the short term the answers are much easier to find. On the surface, gangs are a direct result of human beings personal wants and peer pressure. To determine how to effectively end gang violence we must find the way that these morals are given to the individual. Unfortunately, these can only be hypothesized. However, by looking at the way humans are influenced in society, I believe there is good evidence to point the blame at several institutions. These include the forces of media, the government, theatre, drugs and our economic system. On the surface gangs are caused by peer pressure and greed. Many teens in gangs will pressure peers into becoming part of a gang by making it all sound glamorous. Mone y is also an crucial factor. A kid (a 6-10 year old, who is not yet a member) is shown that he/she could make $200 to $400 for small part time gang jobs. Although these are important factors they are not strong enough to make kids do things that are strongly against their morals. One of the ways that kids morals are bent so that gang violence becomes more acceptable is the influence of television and movies. The average child spends more time at a TV than he/she spends in a classroom. Since nobody can completely turn off their minds, kids must be learning something while watching the TV. Very few hours of television watched by children are educational, so other ideas are being absorbed during this period of time. Many shows on television today are extremely violent and are often shown this from a gang’s perspective. A normal adult can see that this is showing how foully that gangs are living. However, to a child this portrays a violent gang e... Free Essays on Gang Activity Free Essays on Gang Activity Gangs Activity Gangs are a violent reality that people have to deal with in today’s cities. What has made these groups come about? Why do kids feel that being in a gang is both an acceptable and prestigious way to live? The long range answer to these questions can only be speculated upon, but in the short term the answers are much easier to find. On the surface, gangs are a direct result of human beings personal wants and peer pressure. To determine how to effectively end gang violence we must find the way that these morals are given to the individual. Unfortunately, these can only be hypothesized. However, by looking at the way humans are influenced in society, I believe there is good evidence to point the blame at several institutions. These include the forces of media, the government, theatre, drugs and our economic system. On the surface gangs are caused by peer pressure and greed. Many teens in gangs will pressure peers into becoming part of a gang by making it all sound glamorous. Mone y is also an crucial factor. A kid (a 6-10 year old, who is not yet a member) is shown that he/she could make $200 to $400 for small part time gang jobs. Although these are important factors they are not strong enough to make kids do things that are strongly against their morals. One of the ways that kids morals are bent so that gang violence becomes more acceptable is the influence of television and movies. The average child spends more time at a TV than he/she spends in a classroom. Since nobody can completely turn off their minds, kids must be learning something while watching the TV. Very few hours of television watched by children are educational, so other ideas are being absorbed during this period of time. Many shows on television today are extremely violent and are often shown this from a gang’s perspective. A normal adult can see that this is showing how foully that gangs are living. However, to a child this portrays a violent gang e...

French Expressions Using Donner

French Expressions Using Donner The French verb donner literally means to give and is also used in many idiomatic expressions. Learn how to sound the alarm, devote oneself, show signs of weakness, and more with this list of expressions with donner. Possible Meanings of Donner to giveto attack, go into actionto awardto be on (TV, radio)to deal (cards)to grant (permission)to hand in (homework)to hold (a party, dance)to make a donationto put on (a play, show)to show (a movie)to yield, produce (fruit, juice)(familiar) to grass/squeal/fink on Expressions with Donner donner __ ans quelquunto give someone __ years, to guess that someone is __donner fondto be on full-blast (radio, TV)donner manger/boire quelquunto give someone something to eat/drinkdonner pleinto be on full-blast (radio, TV)donner quelquun penser/croire/comprendre queto suggest that, to make someone think/believe/understand thatdonner rireto give cause for laughterdonner au nord/sudto face north/southdonner contreto run intodonner dans  - (people) to tend toward; to enjoy, be into  - (architecture) to lead intodonner dans le panneau (informal)to fall right into the trapdonner dans une embuscade/un pià ¨geto fall into an ambush/a trapdonner de lappà ©tit quelquunto give someone an appetitedonner de la tà ªte/du front contre quelque choseto hit ones head against somethingdonner des signes de faiblesseto show signs of weaknessdonner de soi-mà ªme/de sa personneto give of oneselfdonner de soi-mà ªme pourto devote oneself todonner du cor(hunting) to sound the horndonne r du fil retordre quelquunto give someone a lot of work or troubledonner faim/froid quelquunto make someone feel hungry/colddonner la chair de poule quelquunto give someone goose bumpsdonner la charge contre quelquunto charge at someonedonner la communion to give communion todonner lalarme/lalerteto sound the alarmdonner la mal de mer quelquunto make someone seasickdonner lassaut quelquunto attack someonedonner le changeto alleviate suspiciondonner le change quelquunto put someone off the scent/trackdonner le feu vert to give the green light, the go-aheaddonner le la (music)to set the tonedonner le ton/la note(music) to set the tonedonner le vertige quelquunto make someone feel dizzydonner lexempleto set an exampledonner lheure quelquunto tell someone the timedonner lordre quelquun de infinitiveto order someone to verbdonner quelque chose ( a business)to take something in (to a business - mechanic, tailor, etc.) to be repaireddonner quelque chose faire quelquunto give someone something to dodonner quelque chose quelquun par testamentto bequeath something to someonedonner quelque chose pour/contre quelque choseto trade, exchange, swapdonner raison quelquunto prove someone right, to side with someonedonner sa langue au chatto give up (trying to guess)donner sa placeto give up ones seatdonner son amitià © quelquunto offer ones friendship to someonedonner son coeur quelquunto give ones heart to someonedonner son corps la scienceto donate ones body to sciencedonner son sangto donate blood, to shed blooddonner surto look out over/onto; to open onto; to overlookdonner tort quelquunto blame someone, to disagree with someone, to prove wrongdonner tout son temps to devote all ones time todonner un baiser quelquunto give someone a kissdonner un coup de balai/chiffonto sweep/dust quicklydonner un coup de fil quelquun (informal)to give someone a calldonner un coup de main quelquun (informal)to give someone a hand, help someone outdonner un coup de piedto kickdonner une fessà ©eto spankdonner une fà ªteto throw a partydonner une gifleto slapdonner un fait pour certainto present a fact as a certaintyen donner quelquun pour son argentto give someone his moneys worthne pas savoir oà ¹ donner de la tà ªteto not know which way to turnne rien donnerto have no effectAvec lui, cest donnant donnant. He never does anything for nothing.Ça donne  ! (familiar)Its cool! Brilliant!Cela donne chaud/soifIt makes you (feel) hot/thirsty.Cela donne des maux de tà ªteIt gives you a headache.Cela va te donner des forcesIt will give you strength.Cest toi de donnerits your dealCest ce quon ma donnà © entendreThats what I was led to believe, given to understanddonnant donnantfairs fairdonnà © cest donnà ©a gift is a giftà ©tant donnà ©given thatIl nest pas donnà © tout le monde de... Not everyone in the world is lucky enough to...Je donnerais beaucoup pour savoirId give a lot to knowJe me donnerais des coups  !I could kick myself!Je te le donne en cent/mille (informal)Youll never guess (in a million years)!...nest pas donnà © tout le monde.Not everyone is gifted with...On donne quelquun/quelque chose pour...He/It is said to be...On lui donnerait le bon Dieu sans confession.He looks as if butter wouldnt melt in his mouth, He looks totally innocent.On ne lui donne pas dà ¢ge .You cant tell how old he is. Le soleil donne en plein.The sun is beating down.Les sondages le donnent en tà ªte.The polls put him in the lead.un donneur / une donneusegiver, (card) dealer, donor; (familiar) informant, narc Se Donner The pronominal French verb  se  donner  literally means to give oneself or to give to each other and is also used in many idiomatic expressions. Learn how to give ones all, act like, find the means, and more with this list of expressions with  se  donner.se  donner  ___  jours/mois  pour...to give oneself ___ days/months to...se  donner  to devote oneself tose  donner   fond  dans  quelque  choseto give ones all to somethingse donner bonne conscienceto affect a clear conscience, ease ones consciencese  donner  comme  but/mission/objectif  de... to make it ones aim/mission/objective to...se  donner de  grands  airsto give oneself airsse  donner des airs deto act likese  donner le temps de  faireto give oneself time to dose  donner  les  moyens  de  faireto find the means to dose donner un maà ®tre/prà ©sidentto choose a master/presidentse  donner du malto take great troublese  donner de la peineto take great painsse  donner des  baisersto kiss one anotherse  donner des coupsto exchange blowsse  donner du  bon  tempsto have a good/whale of a timese  donner le motto pass the word onse  donner le nom/titre  deto call oneself by the name/title ofse  donner pourto claim/profess to be; to make oneself out to bese donner pour but/mission/objectif/tà ¢che  de... to make it ones aim/mission/objective/task to...se  donner  rendez-vousto arrange to meet, make an appointmentse donner une contenanceto pretend to be composedse  donner  une  importance  quon  na  pasto act as if one is important when s/he isntse  donner  une  nouvelle  imageto give oneself a new imagesen  donner  (informal)to have the time of ones lifesen  donner   cÅ“ur  joieto enjoy oneself to the full, to have a field dayDonner conjugations

Ethics in Accounting and Corporate Accounting Scandals Research Paper

Ethics in Accounting and Corporate Accounting Scandals - Research Paper Example The suggested course of action by the companies is also recommended in order to prevent unethical practices that lead to corporate scandals and eventual bankruptcy of the organizations. Introduction The accounting practices are based on the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. Apart from the rule base practices, the importance of principle based practices have emerged in the field of accounting. This is due to the corporate scandals that have occurred over the years. These corporate scandals establish a link with the unethical practices in accounting. In different countries, the accounting practices are guided by different laws like the tax law in Germany, accounting law in Sweden, company law in USA, etc. The unethical practices in accounting have not only resulted into bankruptcy of the companies but also eroded the wealth of the investors. International Financial Reporting Standards, Sarbanes-Oxley Act have been implemented in order to prevent the unethical accounting practic es and subsequent corporate scandals. ... The accountability is much greater as compared to the compensation received for their role in accounting domain. The most important part of accounting is the code of ethics that is to be followed as a professional in this field. This leads to the concept of ethics in accounting (Duska, Duska and  Ragatz, 2011). Accounting ethics is a part of applied ethics which relates to the moral values and judgments that are applied in the role of accounting. The concept of accounting ethics was first introduced by Luca Pacioli, an Italian mathematician which was later endorsed by the government departments and even the private organizations. The training modules conducted by the companies while training the accountants and auditors include accounting ethics as an integral part. The wide range of accounting services and the news on the fall of big corporate houses like Enron have triggered an importance of following code of ethics in accounting field. Due to fraudulent accounting practices, mal -intention on the part of accountants, auditors and the management, the profession of accountants and the subjects of accounting have been badly criticized. Also the losses incurred by the companies due to unethical practices in accounting field have blown out of proportions (McPhail and  Walters, 2009). In order to avoid the similar devaluation of companies and bankruptcy in future, the institutions irrespective of government and private entities have stressed on the importance of accounting ethics and proper implementation of ethical practices by their accounting departments. The lack of ethical accounting leads to fraudulent accounting practices in the companies which may be due to manipulated or

Finland's school success what Americans keep Ignoring Article

Finland's school success what Americans keep Ignoring - Article Example However, some of the best campuses are private owned, and they are profit making institutions. They charge high costs for tuition and can only be afforded by the select few in the country (The Atlantic). Unlike American system of education that focuses on standardized tests, Finland has only one exceptional exam; the National Matriculation Exam, which is the equivalent of a high school test,. Although pupils and students in Finland are given report cards, the teachers base the performance on individual assessments. The Finland teachers are trained to evaluate the performance of the pupils and students at independent and personal perspective. The Government only confirms the progress of the students by carrying out periodic tests with few groups of the teachers (The Atlantic). The American education policy rests on the theme of the competition (The Atlantic). This is not the case with Finland. The institutions in Finland are merited according to how well they cooperate with other and not in regard to their competitive advantage. The country does not list the best of the best in curriculum performance. The approach to giving quality education t its residents, all students from whichever backgrounds are treated equal. All the pupils are awarded free meals, health care and personalized guidance. What the Americans keep ignoring from the success of Finland schools is that they are using the wrong approach to improve the level of education. The Americans need to look at equity in providing education, award less homework and more creativity tests, stop the competitive attitude and foster cooperation and evaluate performance of the students from an independent view. The Americans have not yet adopted the Finland system since they are focusing issues that are just the opposite of what Finland supports such as private sector involvement and competition. A similar state

Homer - The Odyssey Essay Example for Free

Homer The Odyssey Essay It is surprising that Odysseus, a master of stratagems, can also be reckless and impulsive? Throughout the Epic, The Odyssey, Odysseus is determined to be a survivor and return to Ithaca with a status appropriate to his own sense of excellence. Odysseus is not going to make any suicidal heroic stands on the battle field and refuses to compromise a very narrow sense of integrity. On the contrary, he is ready to use any stratagem to get home. Odysseus lies, accepts insults, disguises himself, represses his emotions and even conceals his true identity in order to get through his journey. Odysseus is impulsive and reckless. The Epic, is only the story it is due to Odysseus being a character of impulse and recklessness. He creates opportunities for events and challenges and also the opportunity to return home as a heroic icon. Odysseus was surely a master of stratagems. Cunning, strong, skillful, courageous and patient. The King of Ithaca, leader of his people. He was both these things before he departed for Troy. Although he was a great king, admirable, and resourceful, at times Odysseus was also reckless and often acted impulsively. The roles of being a hero and a leader were always implied. In a search for glory and glamour Odysseus sought out danger, mocked death and ways prepared to accept an honorable death. He also risked the lives of his men. This was most evident in the Cyclopes saga, where Odysseus persisted in entering and remaining in the cave despite the pleas of his men to take what they could before the giant returned. He chose to be too greedy, because of his actions six of his men died. Odysseus could not resist the temptation of boasting to Polyohemus who had blinded the Cyclops, again despite the pleas of his men. Not knowing what he was playing around with, not just his life but the lives of his crew as any one of those boulders could have struck the vessels and destroyed the lot of them. Later, Eurylochus was to refer to this episode with the Cyclops when he virtually attempted suicide by resisting Odysseus plan to take the whole crew back to Circes palace. Why are you looking for trouble going to Circes palace, where she will turn you into pigs? We have had all this before, with the Cyclops, when our friends found their way into his fold with this foolhardy Odysseus. It was the mans reckless folly that cost them their lives(Homer 1991, book 10, line 430) There was a lack of trust between Odysseus and his crew at times. Odysseus lack of leadership and recklessness was clearly pointed out on the island of thrinacle. The crew broke their oath and disobeyed Odysseus commands about eating the cattle of Hyperion. This incident underlined their weaknesses and Odysseus iron will and self control-but also showed the limitations of his leadership. On the other hand, there is evidence of care and concern by Odysseus for his crew. He was a man of stratagems but at times acted purely on impulse which resulted in consequences that only made himself look reckless. A man who clearly had the ability to lead by example, as a king and military leader, he had the inspiration, confidence and loyalty. This is seen throughout the text many times. On his journey, though, circumstances were somewhat different, the individualism and egotism of the hero as well as his failure to communicate effectively on several occasions created distrust. A man of tremendous courage, although he made those impulsive decisions he did care for his crew. Without Odysseus being this character there would be no story, and The Epic probably would not exist today. This man was chosen to be a king and a leader of a crew for a reason. He may have gotten a little caught up in the glamour and glory at times, however he was appointed leader and king by the gods above. If the crew had been just as impulsive as their leader, and followed his commands then they to would have returned to Ithaca with their leader.